Anabolism, Catabolism, and Metabolism are all related to metabolic processes. The terms are very similar, which often leads to confusion: What is what?
Metabolism is a series of interconnected and balanced processes in the body, especially within cells. The endocrine system and biologically active substances, such as hormones, play a key role in regulating metabolism.
Types of Metabolism:
- Assimilation (Anabolism): During anabolism, complex molecules from food are chemically altered and converted into simpler molecules (e.g., proteins, DNA, and RNA). These molecules are then used by the body for growth and repair.
- Dissimilation (Catabolism): For cells to obtain energy, complex molecules must be broken down into smaller components. Simply put, catabolism is responsible for breaking down complex molecules and releasing the energy required for cell life.
In summary: Anabolism is responsible for storing energy in the body, while Catabolism is responsible for breaking down these stores.
Functions of Metabolism:
- Metabolism: Processes on a molecular level, including extracting nutrients from food.
- Heat production regulation: Controlling energy expenditure and regulating temperature.
Catabolics and Anabolics:
- Growth hormone and peptides have a catabolic effect.
- Testosterone and anabolic steroids have an anabolic effect.